Harlow

East of England · England
-38.4pp WBI 72.9% → 34.5% by 2051 (20-group HP, Census-direct, SNPP-constrained)
93,330 Population (2021 Census)
72.9% White British (2021)
49.0% White British (2041 projected)
34.5% White British (2051 projected)

Ethnic composition

Census 2021 observed data with Hamilton-Perry projections to 2061.

white british 72.9%
white other 9.9%
asian 5.9%
black 6.2%
mixed 3.3%
other 1.8%

Projected 2051

white british 34.5%
white other 38.3%
asian 4.9%
black 14.9%
mixed 6.0%
other 1.3%

What's driving change?

Shift-share decomposes demographic change into national trend, structural composition, and local factors. Dominant driver: national trend.

-11.0pp Total WBI change
-6.4pp National effect
-0.3pp Structural effect
-4.3pp Local effect

Diversity index

diverse Shannon entropy: 0.55 · Dissimilarity: 5.2

Religion

Census 2021 religious composition with projections.

2021 [object Object]
2031 [object Object]
2041 [object Object]
2051 [object Object]

Muslim population projected: 17.8% by 2051

Country of birth

UK-born (2021) 81.7%
Foreign-born (2021) 18.3%
Foreign-born (2051 projected) 64.2%

English proficiency

mainLanguageEnglishPct 89.6%
notEnglishPct 20.9%
cannotSpeakEnglishPct 0.0%

Service demand pressure

43/100 Low Pressure Rank 128 of 320
Ethnic change20/20
Asylum3/20
School0/20
Language0/20
Housing20/20

Economic profile

Avg employment rate58.9%
Avg home ownership48%
Avg social rent25.4%
Degree or above21.7%
No qualifications18.4%

Housing demand projection

Census 2021 tenure patterns by ethnicity, projected to 2041 from demographic composition change.

Ownership (2021)48%
Social rent (2021)25.4%
Private rent (2021)14.5%
Ownership (2041)42.8%
Social rent (2041)20.9%
Social rent change-4.5pp

High foreign-born population growth will drive additional housing demand, particularly in the private rented sector.

English proficiency

mainLanguageEnglishPct 89.6%
notEnglishPct 20.9%
cannotSpeakEnglishPct 0.0%
Projected non-English growth+23.8pp

Interpreter demand is manageable at current levels.

Updated 14 Apr 2026 · Census 2021, ONS SNPP, DfE School Census