Birmingham
West Midlands · England 1,144,922 Population (2021 Census)
42.9% White British (2021)
20.2% White British (2041 projected)
10.8% White British (2051 projected)
Ethnic composition
Census 2021 observed data with Hamilton-Perry projections to 2061.
white british 42.9%
white other 5.7%
asian 31.0%
black 11.0%
mixed 4.8%
other 4.5%
Projected 2051
white british 10.8%
white other 5.6%
asian 23.9%
black 24.5%
mixed 3.6%
other 31.6%
Diversity index
highly diverse Shannon entropy: 0.79 · Dissimilarity: 33.1
Religion
Census 2021 religious composition with projections.
2021 [object Object]
2031 [object Object]
2041 [object Object]
2051 [object Object]
Muslim population projected: 53.5% by 2051
Country of birth
UK-born (2021) 73.3%
Foreign-born (2021) 26.7%
Foreign-born (2051 projected) 62.8%
English proficiency
mainLanguageEnglishPct 84.4%
notEnglishPct 31.1%
cannotSpeakEnglishPct 0.0%
Service demand pressure
Ethnic change20/20
Asylum11/20
School18/20
Language0/20
Housing18/20
Economic profile
Avg employment rate32.5%
Avg home ownership29.5%
Avg social rent14.2%
Degree or above17.6%
No qualifications13.6%
Housing demand projection
Census 2021 tenure patterns by ethnicity, projected to 2041 from demographic composition change.
Ownership (2021)29.5%
Social rent (2021)14.2%
Private rent (2021)14.4%
Ownership (2041)21.7%
Social rent (2041)13%
Social rent change-1.2pp
High foreign-born population growth will drive additional housing demand, particularly in the private rented sector.
School demographics
DfE School Census 2024/25. 201,666 pupils.
WBI pupils24.7%
Minority pupils75.3%
EAL growth (projected)+18.2pp
WBI gap (school vs population)18.2pp
Schools are 18pp more diverse than the general population — schools show the future.
English proficiency
mainLanguageEnglishPct 84.4%
notEnglishPct 31.1%
cannotSpeakEnglishPct 0.0%
Projected non-English growth+22.7pp
NHS and council services will need increased interpreter/translation provision.
Asylum and immigration data
Asylum seekers on support, hotel costs, grant rates, and the True Cost of Asylum for this area.
View Birmingham on Asylum Stats →